Written By: By Jemosop Faith, Faith specializes in energy, climate, and renewables, transforming complex policy discussions into accessible, everyday conversations, she is a writer at Africa Digest News backed by 2+ years of focused experience
The rural village of Karan,Mali has experienced a dramatic transformation thanks to a newly installed solar mini-grid, bringing 24/7 electricity and sparking economic activity.
This success story unfolds against a backdrop of significant challenges facing Mali’s broader energy sector, including political instability, security threats, and economic constraints.
The village of Karan, home to 3,000 residents, has witnessed a surge in economic activity since the installation of a solar power plant by WeLight in 2021. Businesses like Samba Diakité’s bakery have seen daily generator costs plummet from $100 to under $50, while income has risen to $124 per day.
Metalworker Issa Doumbia now spends $8 on electricity, a significant drop from the $16-$23 he previously spent on diesel. The reliable power supply has also fueled the growth of video game centers and allowed traders like Mah Konaré to extend their business hours with the aid of new streetlights.
“The difference is night and day,” said a local resident, reflecting the widespread impact of the solar power.
WeLight’s sales manager, Brice Bado, reports a surge in demand, with connections jumping from 48 to over 200, necessitating an expansion of the plant’s capacity. The Rural Electrification Agency (AMADER) states that 32 similar mini-solar plants are now operational across four regions, serving over 2 million people.
Despite Karan’s success, Mali faces significant obstacles in expanding electricity access. World Bank data indicates that only 53% of the population has access to electricity, with rural access as low as 25%. AMADER official Abdoulaye Makan Sissoko estimates that achieving universal access would require a $1.3 billion investment.
The high cost of solar energy, roughly double that of traditional fossil fuels, remains a major barrier. Residents of Karan pay a subscription ranging from $30 to $164, plus $0.50 per kilowatt.
Political instability, marked by successive coups, has disrupted international partnerships and led to the cancellation of crucial projects, such as the EU-funded PHARE initiative.
The military government’s revocation of contracts, including those financed by the Islamic Development Bank, has further eroded investor confidence. The World Bank has also suspended $60 million in funding to the state energy company.
Security threats, particularly from extremist groups in northern and central Mali, limit the safe deployment of solar infrastructure. Security analyst Beverly Ochieng of Control Risks cites insecurity and poor governance as key obstacles to electrification in the Sahel.
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The Malian government, in an effort to raise funds, has approved levies on telephone, mobile money, and alcohol sales.
To replicate Karan’s success on a national scale, Mali must address several critical challenges:
- Security and Stability- Establishing a secure and stable environment is paramount.
- Affordability- Government subsidies and innovative financing models are needed to make solar energy accessible to rural communities.
- International Partnerships-Rebuilding trust with international partners is crucial for securing funding and expertise.
Infrastructure Development- Investing in infrastructure and local capacity building is essential for long-term sustainability.
